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CHAPTER 8 - HEMATOPOIESIS
Histology Guide
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MICROGRAPH

NAME
EM 344 Bone Marrow
TISSUE
Bone Marrow
(rat femur)
IMAGE SIZE
10.190 x 8,154 pixels
238 MB
FILE SIZES
46,921 KB (grayscale)
46,642 KB (color)
MAGNIFICATION
x6,000
PIXEL SIZE
6.123 nm
SOURCE
A. Hattori
Department of Orthopedic Surgery
Akita University School of Medicine
Hondo, Akita City, Japan

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Robert L. Sorenson, Ph.D.

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University of Minnesota
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EM 344 Bone Marrow

Granulopoiesis

Transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of neutrophil development in bone marrow. The stages of neutrophil maturation are primarily distinguished from each other by nuclear features (i.e., round, indented, band, segmented) and their granules.

  • Myeloblast (,; blue)
  • Promyelocyte (,; green)
  • Neutrophilic Myelocyte (,; yellow)
  • Neutrophilic Metamyelocyte (,; purple)
  • (red)
  • Neutrophils (,; tan) – only small regions are seen

Successive stages result in slightly smaller cells with more nuclear constriction.

Subcellular Structures

  • Nuclei (blue) / Nuclear Envelope (purple)
  • Golgi Apparatus (yellow)
  • Mitochondria (red)
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum (cyan)

Myeloblast

Myeloblasts (,; blue) are the first recognizable precursor of granulocytes.

  • Large cells (14 to 20 µm in diameter)
  • Large round to oval nucleus
  • Small amount of cytoplasm
  • No to few granules
  • Capable of cell division

Promyelocyte

Promyelocytes (,; green) are characterized by intense biosynthetic activity and production of azurophilic (primary) granules.

  • Largest cell in the series (16 to 22 µm in diameter)
  • Large round to oval nucleus
  • Many azurophilic (primary) granules
  • Prominent Golgi Apparatus
  • Many strands of endoplasmic reticulum
  • Capable of cell division

Because subsequent stages do not produce azurophilic granules, their number is reduced by subsequent cell divisions.

Neutrophilic Myelocyte

Myelocytes (,; yellow) are the first stage in which precursors of the different granulocyte lineages can be distinguished from each other because of the production specific (secondary) and tertiary granules.

  • Large cell (18 to 20 µm in diameter)
  • Round, oval, or indented nucleus - coarse, granular pattern of chromatin
  • Specific (secondary)and tertiary granules
  • Prominent Golgi Apparatus
  • Last stage capable of cell division

Neutrophilic Metamyelocyte

Metamyelocytes (,; purple) can be easily distinguished from other granulocyte lineages because of the specific (secondary) and tertiary granules.

  • Smaller cell (12 to 16 µm in diameter)
  • Nucleus is indented (kidney-bean shaped) with more heterochromatin
  • Numerous granules of various sizes and shapes
  • No longer capable of cell division

Band Neutrophil

Neutrophilic metamyelocytes (purple) mature into (red).

  • Nucleus is elongated and often has a horseshoe-like ("U") appearance that contains mostly heterochromatin
  • Numerous granules of various sizes and shapes
  • No longer capable of cell division

Neutrophil

Parts of several neutrophils (,; tan) are seen around the edges of the micrograph.

  • Multi-lobed nucleus containing heterochromatin
  • Numerous granules of various sizes and shapes
  • No longer capable of cell division
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