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Muscularis Propria (muscularis externa) (cross-section, longitudinal section)
- contractions pump urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
Described as two layers (inner longitudinal and outer circular) in the proximal ureter or three layers (inner longitudinal, middle circular, and outer longitudinal) as the ureter approaches the bladder. Elsewhere the orientation of the muscle may be less clear.
These layers may be interlaced and not orthogonal reflecting the spiral orientation of some of the smooth muscle.
